Windows ConsoleHost History File Deletion

name: Windows ConsoleHost History File Deletion
id: a203040e-f8fd-49bb-8424-d2fabf277322
version: 3
date: '2026-03-10'
author: Teoderick Contreras, Splunk
status: production
type: Anomaly
description: The following analytic detects the deletion of the ConsoleHost_history.txt file, which stores command history for PowerShell sessions. Attackers may attempt to remove this file to cover their tracks and evade detection during post-exploitation activities. This detection focuses on file deletion commands executed via PowerShell, Command Prompt, or scripting languages that specifically target ConsoleHost_history.txt, typically located at %APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\PSReadline\ConsoleHost_history.txt. Identifying such activity can help uncover potential anti-forensic behavior and suspicious administrative actions.
data_source:
    - Sysmon EventID 23
    - Sysmon EventID 26
search: '`sysmon` EventCode IN ("23","26") TargetFilename = "*\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadline\\ConsoleHost_history.txt" | stats count min(_time) as firstTime, max(_time) as lastTime by action dest dvc file_path file_hash file_name file_modify_time process_name process_exec process_id process_path user_id vendor_product process_guid signature signature_id user | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)` | `windows_consolehost_history_file_deletion_filter`'
how_to_implement: To successfully implement this search, you need to ingest logs that include the deleted target file name, process name, and process ID from your endpoints. If you are using Sysmon, ensure you have at least version 2.0 of the Sysmon TA installed.
known_false_positives: An administrator may delete the ConsoleHost history file on a specific machine, potentially triggering this detection. However, this action is uncommon for regular users who are not accustomed to using the PowerShell command line
references:
    - https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa25-071a
drilldown_searches:
    - name: View the detection results for - "$user_id$" and "$dest$"
      search: '%original_detection_search% | search  user_id = "$user_id$" dest = "$dest$"'
      earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
      latest_offset: $info_max_time$
    - name: View risk events for the last 7 days for - "$user_id$" and "$dest$"
      search: '| from datamodel Risk.All_Risk | search normalized_risk_object IN ("$user_id$", "$dest$") starthoursago=168  | stats count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime values(search_name) as "Search Name" values(risk_message) as "Risk Message" values(analyticstories) as "Analytic Stories" values(annotations._all) as "Annotations" values(annotations.mitre_attack.mitre_tactic) as "ATT&CK Tactics" by normalized_risk_object | `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` | `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`'
      earliest_offset: $info_min_time$
      latest_offset: $info_max_time$
rba:
    message: a process $process_name$ delete ConsoleHost_History.txt on $dest$.
    risk_objects:
        - field: dest
          type: system
          score: 20
    threat_objects:
        - field: process_name
          type: process_name
tags:
    analytic_story:
        - Medusa Ransomware
    asset_type: Endpoint
    mitre_attack_id:
        - T1070.003
    product:
        - Splunk Enterprise
        - Splunk Enterprise Security
        - Splunk Cloud
    security_domain: endpoint
tests:
    - name: True Positive Test
      attack_data:
        - data: https://media.githubusercontent.com/media/splunk/attack_data/master/datasets/attack_techniques/T1070.003/ConsoleHost_History_deletion/delete_pwh_history_file.log
          source: XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational
          sourcetype: XmlWinEventLog