Brand impersonation: Quickbooks

name: "Brand impersonation: Quickbooks"
description: "Impersonation of the Quickbooks service from Intuit."
type: "rule"
severity: "medium"
source: |
  type.inbound
  and (
    (
      strings.ilike(sender.display_name, 'quickbook*')
      or strings.like(sender.display_name, "QB-*")
      or strings.ilike(sender.display_name, 'intuit*')
      or strings.ilevenshtein(sender.display_name, 'quickbooks') <= 1
      or strings.ilike(sender.email.domain.domain, '*quickbook*')
      or (
        length(filter(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
                      strings.icontains(.text, "quickbooks")
               )
        ) > 2
        and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).intents,
                .name == "cred_theft"
        )
      )
    )
    or strings.ilike(body.current_thread.text, "*invoice*")
  )
  and (
    any(ml.logo_detect(file.message_screenshot()).brands,
        .name == "Quickbooks" and .confidence in ("medium", "high")
    )
    // contains the address and copyright 
    or (
      strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
                        '2800 E. Commerce Center Place, Tucson, AZ 85706'
      )
      and regex.icontains(body.current_thread.text, '©\s*(?:\d+)\s*Intuit')
    )
    or strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text, 'Powered by QuickBooks')
    or strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
                         'QuickBooks and Intuit are trademarks of Intuit Inc.'
    )
    or strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text, "QuickBooks Cloud Services")
    // phone number and update language
    or (
      regex.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
                      '\+?([ilo0-9]{1}.)?\(?[ilo0-9]{3}?\)?.[ilo0-9]{3}.?[ilo0-9]{4}',
                      '\+?([ilo0-9]{1,2})?\s?\(?\d{3}\)?[\s\.\-⋅]{0,5}[ilo0-9]{3}[\s\.\-⋅]{0,5}[ilo0-9]{4}'
      )
      and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).topics,
              .name in ("Software and App Updates", "Security and Authentication")
      )
  
      // we need to re-check for QB indicators, otherwise we can have "*invoice*"
      // and this block, which is much more than just QB impersonation
      and (
        strings.ilike(sender.display_name, 'quickbook*')
        or strings.like(sender.display_name, "QB-*")
        or strings.ilike(sender.display_name, 'intuit*')
        or strings.ilevenshtein(sender.display_name, 'quickbooks') <= 1
        or strings.ilike(sender.email.domain.domain, '*quickbook*')
        or (
          length(filter(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
                        strings.icontains(.text, "quickbooks")
                 )
          ) > 2
          and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).intents,
                  .name == "cred_theft"
          )
        )
      )
    )
  )
  and not (
    sender.email.domain.root_domain in~ (
      'intuit.com',
      'turbotax.com',
      'intuit.ca',
      'meliopayments.com',
      'qemailserver.com',
      'intuit.co.uk',
      'quickbooksonline.com',
      'tsheets.com'
    )
    and coalesce(headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass, false)
  )
  and (
    not profile.by_sender().any_messages_benign
    and not profile.by_sender().solicited
  )
  // links in body are not known QB domains or the senders root website (both indicative of a legitimate QuickBooks invoice message)
  and (
    length(filter(body.links,
                  .href_url.domain.root_domain in~ (
                    'intuit.com',
                    'turbotax.com',
                    'intuit.ca',
                    'meliopayments.com',
                    'qemailserver.com',
                    'intuit.co.uk',
                    'quickbooksonline.com'
                  )
                  or (
                    .href_url.domain.root_domain == sender.email.domain.root_domain
                    and (.href_url.path is null or .href_url.path == "/")
                  )
                  // handle links to the root website when the sender uses a freemail address to send invoices
                  or (
                    .href_url.domain.sld == sender.email.local_part
                    and (.href_url.path is null or .href_url.path == "/")
                    and sender.email.domain.root_domain in $free_email_providers
                  )
           )
    ) != length(body.links)
    // or no valid links
    or length(filter(body.links, .href_url.domain.domain is not null)) == 0
  )
  // the call to action link does not lead to inuit
  and not (
    // filter down to observed call to action display text
    any(filter(body.links,
               .display_text in~ (
                 "view and pay",
                 "review and pay",
                 "view details"
               )
        ),
        // benign/legit href_url details for those links
        (
          // sendgrid rewritten links
          .href_url.domain.domain == "links.notification.intuit.com"
          // CTA link
          or (
            .href_url.domain.domain == "connect.intuit.com"
            and strings.icontains(.href_url.query_params, 'cta=viewinvoicenow')
          )
          // Mimecast links 
          or (
            .href_url.domain.root_domain == "mimecastprotect.com"
            and (
              strings.icontains(.href_url.query_params,
                                'domain=links.notification.intuit.com'
              )
              or strings.icontains(.href_url.query_params,
                                   'domain=connect.intuit.com'
              )
            )
          )
        )
    )
  )
  // negate common sender of quickbooks reseller
  and not strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text, 'Purchasing Reviews, Inc')
  // negate highly trusted sender domains unless they fail DMARC authentication
  and (
    (
      sender.email.domain.root_domain in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
      and not headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass
    )
    or sender.email.domain.root_domain not in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
  )

attack_types:
  - "Callback Phishing"
  - "Credential Phishing"
tactics_and_techniques:
  - "Impersonation: Brand"
  - "Social engineering"
detection_methods:
  - "Computer Vision"
  - "Content analysis"
  - "Header analysis"
  - "Sender analysis"
id: "4fd791d1-a053-5c2d-80dd-c6dcdc112a62"