Potential SAP NetWeaver Exploitation

[metadata]
creation_date = "2025/04/26"
integration = ["endpoint"]
maturity = "production"
updated_date = "2026/03/24"

[rule]
author = ["Elastic"]
description = """
Identifies suspicious processes spawned from the SAP NetWeaver application. This may indicate an attempt to execute commands via webshell.
"""
from = "now-9m"
index = ["auditbeat-*", "logs-endpoint.events.process*"]
language = "eql"
license = "Elastic License v2"
name = "Potential SAP NetWeaver Exploitation"
references = [
    "https://reliaquest.com/blog/threat-spotlight-reliaquest-uncovers-vulnerability-behind-sap-netweaver-compromise/",
    "https://onapsis.com/blog/active-exploitation-of-sap-vulnerability-cve-2025-31324/"
]
risk_score = 73
rule_id = "23c53c4c-aa8b-4b07-85c0-fe46a9c8acaf"
severity = "high"
tags = [
    "Domain: Endpoint",
    "OS: Linux",
    "OS: Windows",
    "Use Case: Threat Detection",
    "Tactic: Execution",
    "Use Case: Vulnerability",
    "Data Source: Elastic Defend",
    "Resources: Investigation Guide",
]
timestamp_override = "event.ingested"
type = "eql"

query = '''
process where event.type == "start" and host.os.type in ("linux", "windows") and
   process.name : ("sh",
                   "bash",
                   "dash",
                   "ksh",
                   "tcsh",
                   "zsh",
                   "curl",
                   "perl*",
                   "python*",
                   "ruby*",
                   "php*",
                   "wget",
                   "cmd.exe",
                   "powershell.exe",
                   "rundll32.exe",
                   "msbuild.exe",
                   "curl.exe",
                   "certutil.exe") and
   (
    process.working_directory : ("/*/sap.com*/servlet_jsp/irj/*", "*\\sap.com*\\servlet_jsp\\irj\\*") or
    process.command_line : ("*/sap.com*/servlet_jsp/irj/*", "*\\sap.com*\\servlet_jsp\\irj\\*") or
    process.parent.command_line : ("*/sap.com*/servlet_jsp/irj/*", "*\\sap.com*\\servlet_jsp\\irj\\*")
   )
'''
note = """## Triage and analysis

### Investigating Potential SAP NetWeaver Exploitation

### Possible investigation steps

- Examine the process tree to verify the parent-child relationship between the Java process and any suspicious child processes such as shell scripts or scripting languages (e.g., sh, bash, curl, python).
- Check the command line arguments and environment variables of the suspicious child processes to identify any potentially malicious payloads or commands being executed.
- Investigate the host's recent activity and logs for any other indicators of compromise or unusual behavior that might correlate with the suspected exploitation attempt.
- Assess the system for any unauthorized changes or new files that may have been introduced as a result of the exploitation attempt, focusing on JSP files under the IRJ root directory.


### Response and remediation

- Immediately isolate the affected host from the network to prevent further outbound connections and potential lateral movement.
- Terminate any suspicious Java processes identified in the alert, especially those making outbound connections to LDAP, RMI, or DNS ports.
- Conduct a thorough review of the affected system for any unauthorized changes or additional malicious processes, focusing on child processes like shell scripts or scripting languages.
- Restore the affected system from a known good backup if unauthorized changes or malware are detected.
- Update and patch Java and any related applications to the latest versions to mitigate known vulnerabilities.
- Escalate the incident to the security operations center (SOC) or incident response team for further investigation and to assess the potential impact on other systems within the network."""


[[rule.threat]]
framework = "MITRE ATT&CK"

[[rule.threat.technique]]
id = "T1059"
name = "Command and Scripting Interpreter"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/"

[[rule.threat.technique.subtechnique]]
id = "T1059.001"
name = "PowerShell"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001/"

[[rule.threat.technique.subtechnique]]
id = "T1059.003"
name = "Windows Command Shell"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003/"

[[rule.threat.technique.subtechnique]]
id = "T1059.004"
name = "Unix Shell"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004/"

[[rule.threat.technique.subtechnique]]
id = "T1059.006"
name = "Python"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006/"

[[rule.threat.technique.subtechnique]]
id = "T1059.007"
name = "JavaScript"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007/"

[[rule.threat.technique]]
id = "T1203"
name = "Exploitation for Client Execution"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203/"

[rule.threat.tactic]
id = "TA0002"
name = "Execution"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0002/"

[[rule.threat]]
framework = "MITRE ATT&CK"

[[rule.threat.technique]]
id = "T1190"
name = "Exploit Public-Facing Application"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190/"

[rule.threat.tactic]
id = "TA0001"
name = "Initial Access"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001/"

[[rule.threat]]
framework = "MITRE ATT&CK"

[[rule.threat.technique]]
id = "T1505"
name = "Server Software Component"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/"

[[rule.threat.technique.subtechnique]]
id = "T1505.003"
name = "Web Shell"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003/"

[rule.threat.tactic]
id = "TA0003"
name = "Persistence"
reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003/"